Matthew Arnold, a Victorian intellectual, though known more as a critical celebrity has to his credit some well-reputed poems, including The Scholar Gipsy, Thyrsis and Dover Beach. All those poems bear out his attitude to Victorian life, to its shabbiness and materialistic glosses. They also constitute what is better known as Arnold’s critical thesis that “poetry is at bottom…
...for the world, which seems
To lie before us like a land of dreams,
So various, so beautiful, so new,
Hath really neither joy, nor love, nor light,
Nor certitude, nor peace, nor help for pain;
And we are here as on a darkling plain
Swept with confused alarms of struggle and flight,
Where ignorant armies clash by night. (Lines 30-37)
These lines…
Lines Composed a Few Miles above Tintern Abbey or simply Tintern Abbey is, like William Wordsworth’s The Prelude, a sort of poetical autobiography. Of course, this is no total autobiography of the poet’s life and activities. It is rather a poetical record of the poet’s intimate relation with Nature all through his life. From this angle, Tintern Abbey may well…
The stream of consciousness novel is an improved and more delicate form of the psychological novel, which Richardson, George Eliot, Mrs. Gaskell, and many others treated long before. The term ‘stream of consciousness’ was, perhaps, used first by May Sinclair in connection with Dorothy Richardson’s novels. What characterizes this class of novel is the treatment…
The poem The Lake Isle of Innisfree expresses the poet’s desire to go to Innisfree, which is a small island in a lake on Lough Hill in Ireland. He wants to go there to live a simple, lonely, and peaceful life close to nature, avoiding busy city streets.
In the first stanza, the poet expresses his desire…
Wherever green is worn,
Are changed, changed utterly:
A terrible beauty is born.
This is the concluding part of W.B. Yeats’s patriotic poem Easter 1916. After paying his eulogy to the great Irish patriots who stood, fought, and died to liberate their land from the British occupation, the poet here asserts that everything is brought to an utter…
W.B. Yeats was intimately connected with the freedom movement in Ireland, and he was, as such, in close kinship with a number of Irish political leaders. His political interest was patriotic, and his aim was definitely to emancipate his fatherland from servility to British imperialism.
Yeats’s poetry includes some poems occasioned by his political interests or…
Euphuism is an elegant Elizabethan literary style characterized by an excessive use of balance, antithesis, and alliteration, as well as frequent use of similes drawn from mythology and nature.
The word is also used to denote artificial elegance. It was derived from the name of a character in the prose romances Euphues: The Anatomy of Wit (1578) and Euphues and his…
John Lyly was born in 1554. He was the grandson of William Lily. He was probably educated at the King’s School, Canterbury, then at Magdalen College, Oxford. He served as secretary to Edward de Vere, the earl of Oxford, was MP successively for Hindon, Aylesbury, and Appleby (1589- 1601), and supported the cause of the…
During the 16th century, the religious unity of the Holy Roman Empire, which comprised a patchwork of territories in present-day Germany, Austria, and parts of neighboring countries, was shattered by the emergence of Protestantism. The Protestant Reformation, led by figures like Martin Luther and John Calvin, challenged the authority and doctrines of the Roman Catholic…